[2] She is mentioned by name twelve times in the canonical gospels, more than most of the apostles and more than any other woman in the Gospels, other than Jesus' family. [190] On December 9, 1279, an excavation ordered by Charles II, King of Naples at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume, Provence, led to the discovery of another purported burial of Mary Magdalene. Edit Search New search. Ediz. View Image. Hotels near Chiesa Parrocchiale di Trevenzuolo "Santa Maria Maddalena" Hotels near Biblioteca Comunale di Trevenzuolo Ugo Sesini; Hotels near Chiesa Parrocchiale di Fagnano Santo Nome di Maria Vergine; Hotels near Corte Azzini; Hotels near Villa Giona, Treves de' Bonfigli, detta Corte San Bernardino; Near Airports. Genealogy for Maria Maddalena DELLA TORRE (1701 - d.) family tree on Geni, with over 190 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. It had not yet been added at the time of the Tridentine Calendar of 1569 and is no longer found in the present General Roman Calendar but, once added, it remained until the General Roman Calendar of 1960. [106] In saying 53, the Dialogue attributes to Mary three aphorisms that are attributed to Jesus in the New Testament: "The wickedness of each day [is sufficient]. Discover the geographical distribution of the first name Maria-Maddalena worldwide. ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_Magdalene&oldid=998265834, People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar, Pages with numeric Bible version references, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [12][9] They are not regarded by bible scholars as reliable sources of information about her life. Maria Maddalena of Austria (Maria Magdalena; 7 October 1589 – 1 November 1631) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany from the accession of her husband, Cosimo II, in 1609 until his death in 1621. [321] Finally, Ehrman points out that, if Jesus had been married to Mary Magdalene, the authors of the gospels would definitely have mentioned it, since they mention all his other family members, including his mother Mary, his father Joseph, his four brothers, and his at least two sisters. [191][190] The shrine was purportedly found intact, with an explanatory inscription stating why the relics had been hidden. [15] Although the Gospel of Mark, the earliest surviving gospel, does not mention Mary Magdalene until Jesus's crucifixion,[26] the Gospel of Luke 8:2–3 provides a brief summary of her role during his ministry:[27]. Now I see you arguing against this woman like an adversary. [260] Mary Magdalene's image did not become conflated with other women mentioned in Biblical texts until Pope Gregory the Great's sermon in the sixth century, and even then this only occurred in Western traditions. [36], Because Mary is listed as one of the women who were supporting Jesus's ministry financially, she must have been relatively wealthy. [229] Edgar Saltus's historical fiction novel Mary Magdalene: A Chronicle (1891) depicts her as a heroine living in a castle at Magdala, who moves to Rome becoming the "toast of the tetrarchy", telling John the Baptist she will "drink pearls... sup on peacock's tongues". Jusino based his argument largely on the Nag Hammadi Gnostic books, rejecting the view of Raymond E. Brown that these books were later developments, and maintaining instead that the extant Gospel of John is the result of modification of an earlier text that presented Mary Magdalene as the Beloved Disciple. [239][236][240] In Superstar, Mary describes her sexual attraction to Jesus in the song "I Don't Know How to Love Him", which shocked many of the play's original viewers. She is the first to meet the Risen Christ. "[138][139] Peter responds, saying, "Did he really speak with a woman in private, without our knowledge? [116] In a manner very similar to John 19:25–26, the Gospel of Philip presents Mary Magdalene among Jesus' female entourage, adding that she was his koinônos,[117] a Greek word variously translated in contemporary versions as partner, associate, comrade, companion:[118][117], There were three who always walked with the Lord: Mary, his mother, and her sister, and Magdalene, who was called his companion. Address: 11, Piazza Della Maddalena , 16124 , Genova , Italia: Phone: 010 2474093: Web: GPS Lat: 0.000000 , Lon: 0.000000 Other languages Prénom Maddalena Maria Nome Maddalena Maria. Il nome Marilena - con le varianti Marlene, Marlena, Alena, Malena, Lena, Leni - può intendersi non solo composto da Maria (vedi) e Maddalena ma anche da Maria ed Elena (vedi); mentre Lena sarebbe il diminutivo sia di Maddalena sia di Elena (vedi) o Alena… Al maschile: Maddaleno, Màgdalo, Maido [8] Unlike Paul the Apostle, Mary Magdalene has left behind no writings of her own,[9]. The Gospel of Thomas, usually dated to the late first or early second century, was among the ancient texts discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in 1945. [102] These texts were written long after the death of the historical Mary Magdalene. Maria Maddalena passed away at the age of 98 in Greece, New York. [2][157][159] As early as the third century, the Church Father Tertullian (c. 160 – 225) references the touch of "the woman which was a sinner" in effort to prove that Jesus "was not a phantom, but really a solid body. [117] The text is badly fragmented, and speculated but unreliable additions are shown in brackets: And the companion of the saviour [was] Mary Magdalene. Address: Via Massimo Marghiera Angolo Localita Rotolo , 84013 , Cava De Tirreni , Italia: Phone: 089 342379: Web: GPS Lat: 0.000000 , Lon: 0.000000 [69] Nonetheless, he rejects that Jesus could have been interred in an expensive tomb with a stone rolled in front of it like the one described in the gospels,[70] leading him to conclude that Mary and the other women must not have actually seen the tomb. [154] Origen also preserves a statement from Celsus that some Christians in his day followed the teachings of a woman named "Mariamme", who is almost certainly Mary Magdalene. Discover our cool and original products with a first name (or even your nickname! Neste Cama e Café (B&B), você pode desfrutar de um buffet de café da manhã. "[109] Mary defends herself, saying, "My master, I understand in my mind that I can come forward at any time to interpret what Pistis Sophia [a female deity] has said, but I am afraid of Peter, because he threatens me and hates our gender. Account & Lists Account Returns & Orders. "Patricia Kasten, "A great saint with a big case of mistaken identity. It is claimed that the equivalent of the phrase apostolorum apostola appeared already in the 9th century. This event, in a sense, crowns all that has been said previously about Christ entrusting divine truths to women as well as men. [71], The earliest description of Jesus's post-resurrection appearances is a quotation of a pre-Pauline creed preserved by Paul the Apostle in 1 Corinthians 15:3–8, which was written roughly 20 years before any of the gospels. [33][28][29] Bruce Chilton, a scholar of early Christianity, states that the reference to the number of demons being "seven" may mean that Mary had to undergo seven exorcisms, probably over a long period of time, due to the first six being partially or wholly unsuccessful. To get better results, add more information such as Birth Info, Death Info and Location—even a guess will help. [111] The Gospel of Thomas consists entirely of 114 sayings attributed to Jesus. [61], All four canonical gospels, as well as the apocryphal Gospel of Peter, agree that Jesus's body was taken down from the cross and buried by a man named Joseph of Arimathea. [291] Baháʼís have noted parallels between Mary Magdalene and the Babí heroine-poet Táhirih. The Gospel of Philip uses cognates of koinônos and Coptic equivalents to refer to the literal pairing of men and women in marriage and sexual intercourse, but also metaphorically, referring to a spiritual partnership, and the reunification of the Gnostic Christian with the divine realm. "[299] Esther A. de Boer likewise presents the idea as "one possibility among others", not as a definitive solution to the problem of the identity of the anonymous disciple. [52] John 19:25 lists Mary, mother of Jesus, her sister, Mary, wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene as witnesses to the crucifixion. [296], Furthermore, according to Mark 12:25, Jesus taught that marriage would not exist at all in the coming kingdom of God. In 2016 Pope Francis raised the level of liturgical memory on July 22 from memorial to feast. [39] Ehrman and Schaberg consider it highly improbable that the historical Jesus ever advocated complete equality between the sexes,[45][46] considering that one of the best-attested facts of his life is that all twelve of his chosen apostles were male. Although the fragment does not contain the name of Mary Magdalene, some authors speculated that she was the woman referred to. The Emperor laughed, and said that Christ rising from the dead was as likely as the egg in her hand turning red while she held it. With that, Mary's image was, according to Susan Haskins, author of Mary Magdalene: Myth and Metaphor, "finally settled...for nearly fourteen hundred years,"[173] although in fact the most important late medieval popular accounts of her life describe her as a rich woman whose life of sexual freedom is purely for pleasure. In 1952 the [312][305], In 2012, scholar Karen L. King published the Gospel of Jesus' Wife, a purported Coptic papyrus fragment in which Jesus says: "My wife ... she will be able to be my disciple." [87][80] The Gospel of John therefore portrays Mary Magdalene as the first apostle, the apostle sent to the apostles. This article is about the biblical figure. Mary Magdalene, sometimes called Mary of Magdala, or simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine, was a woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to his crucifixion and its aftermath. [113][103] Two of the sayings reference a woman named "Mary", who is generally regarded as Mary Magdalene. This resulted in a widespread belief that she was a repentant prostitute or promiscuous woman. De Boer, Esther A., The Gospel of Mary Listening to the Beloved Disciple. The Old and New Testament and Gnostic contexts and the text are discussed by Robert M. Grant, "The Mystery of Marriage in the Gospel of Philip". [284], There are many references to Mary Magdalene in the writings of the Baháʼí Faith, where she enjoys an exalted status as a heroine of faith and the "archetypal woman of all cycles". [260] They have never celebrated her as a penitent. [184] Some manuscripts of the sermon record that Mary's parents were named Syrus and Eucharia[185] and one manuscript goes into great detail describing her family's purported land holdings in Bethany, Jerusalem, and Magdala. [285] `Abdu'l-Bahá, the son of the founder of the religion, said that she was "the channel of confirmation" to Jesus' disciples, a "heroine" who "re-established the faith of the apostles" and was "a light of nearness in his kingdom". Katherine Ludwig Jansen, citing Jacques Levron, See Franco Mormando, "Teaching the Faithful to Fly: Mary Magdalene and Peter in Baroque Italy" in. Nome Lia Maria Maddalena . When the light comes, then he who sees will see the light, and he who is blind will remain in darkness. More products with the name Lia Maria Maddalena. Among Eastern Orthodox Christians this sharing is accompanied by the proclamation "Christ is risen!" All results for Maria Maddalena Farina. "Greek Lexicon entry for Koinonos". [87][80], Because scribes were unsatisfied with the abrupt ending of the Gospel of Mark, they wrote several different alternative endings for it. [96] He concludes that the idea that early Christians would have had "no motive" to make up the story simply "suffers from a poverty of imagination"[97] and that they would have had all kinds of possible motives,[98] especially since women were overrepresented in early Christian communities and women themselves would have had strong motivation to make up a story about other women being the first to find the tomb. These teachings are strange ideas. [276], The 1549 Book of Common Prayer had on July 22 a feast of Saint Mary Magdalene, with the same Scripture readings as in the Tridentine Mass and with a newly composed collect: "Merciful father geue us grace, that we neuer presume to synne through the example of anye creature, but if it shall chaunce vs at any tyme to offende thy dyuine maiestie: that then we maye truly repent, and lament the same, after the example of Mary Magdalene, and by lyuelye faythe obtayne remission of all oure sinnes: throughe the onely merites of thy sonne oure sauiour Christ." della serenissima Violante Beatrice di Baviera .. When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exclaimed, "Christ is risen!" [304][305] The Da Vinci Code also purports that the figure of the "beloved disciple" to Jesus's right in Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper is Mary Magdalene, disguised as one of the male disciples;[306] art historians maintain that the figure is, in reality, the apostle John, who only appears feminine due to Leonardo's characteristic fascination with blurring the lines between the sexes, a quality which is found in his other paintings, such as St. John the Baptist (painted c. [155][156] Origen merely dismisses this, remarking that Celsus "pours on us a heap of names". della serenissima Violante Beatrice di Baviera .. illustratori e artisti. [64][65] Ehrman notes that this was the most common fate for victims of crucifixion,[66] but states that it is impossible to know for certain what actually happened to Jesus's body once it was removed from the cross. Funeral Home Services for Maria are being provided by Bartolomeo & Perotto Funeral Home Inc. [246] The film, which described as having a "strongly feminist bent",[245] was praised for its music score and cinematography,[247] its surprising faithfulness to the Biblical narrative,[245] and its acting,[245][244] but was criticized as slow-moving,[244][245][247] overwritten,[247] and too solemn to be believable. | UACE [80][87] According to John 20:1–10, Mary Magdalene went to the tomb alone when it was still dark and saw that the stone had already been rolled away. The portrayal of Mary Magdalene as a prostitute began after a series of Easter sermons delivered in 591, when Pope Gregory I conflated Mary Magdalene, who is introduced in Luke 8:2, with Mary of Bethany (Luke 10:39) and the unnamed "sinful woman" who anoints Jesus's feet in Luke 7:36–50. [91], In a book published in 2006, Ehrman states that "it appears virtually certain" that the stories of the empty tomb, regardless of whether or not they are accurate, can definitely be traced back to the historical Mary Magdalene,[92] pointing out that, in Jewish society, women were regarded as unreliable witnesses and were forbidden from giving testimony in court,[93] so early Christians would have had no motive to make up a story about a woman being the first to discover the empty tomb. [197] Then the governor's wife rises from the dead and tells him that Mary Magdalene has brought her back. [195] De Voragine gives the common account of the transfer of Mary Magdalene's relics from her sepulchre in the oratory of Saint Maximin at Aix-en-Provence to the newly founded Vézelay;[202] the transportation of the relics is entered as undertaken in 771 by the founder of the abbey, identified as Gerard, Duke of Burgundy. [166] Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430) entertained the possibility that Mary of Bethany and the unnamed sinner from Luke might be the same person,[168] but did not associate Mary Magdalene with either of them. [122][123][d] This tradition is still practiced in many Christian congregations today and is known as the "kiss of peace". Antonio Caldara Maddalena ai piedi di Cristo, oratorio (1700). Create your family tree and take advantage of valuable tips to help you search your ancestors. Information about the first name Maria Maddalena . [180] Modestus, the Patriarch of Jerusalem from 630 until 634, describes a slightly different tradition that Mary Magdalene had come to Ephesus to live with the apostle John following the death of the Virgin Mary. Death, Burial, Cemetery & Obituaries . [99] He does conclude later, however, that Mary Magdalene must have been one of the people who had an experience in which she thought she saw the risen Jesus,[100] citing her prominence in the gospel resurrection narratives and her absence everywhere else in the gospels as evidence.[100]. [188] Starting in around 1050, the monks of the Abbey of la Madaleine, Vézelay in Burgundy claimed to have discovered Mary Magdalene's actual skeleton. To get better results, add more information such as Birth Info, Death Info and Location—even a guess will help. It is located on the Via della Maddalena, one of the streets leading from the Piazza della Rotonda in the Campo Marzio area of historic Rome. [177] Starting in around the eighth century, Christian sources record mention of a church in Magdala purported to have been built on the site of Mary Magdalene's house, where Jesus exorcized her of the seven demons. [5] In a book published in 2014, Ehrman rejects his own previous argument,[96] stating that the story of the empty tomb can only be a later invention because there is virtually no possibility that Jesus's body could have been placed in any kind of tomb[96] and, if Jesus was never buried, then no one alive at the time could have claimed that his non-existent tomb had been found empty. And she began to speak to them these words: "I", she said, "I saw the Lord in a vision and I said to Him, Lord I saw you today in a vision". [91] First, it describes an appearance by Jesus to Mary Magdalene alone (as in the Gospel of John),[91] followed by brief descriptions of him appearing to the two disciples on the road to Emmaus (as in the Gospel of Luke) and to the eleven remaining disciples (as in the Gospel of Matthew). [221] John Calvin (1509 – 1564) not only rejected the composite Magdalene,[221][218] but criticized Catholics as ignorant for having ever believed in it. "[138][139] Andrew and Peter's responses are intended to demonstrate that they do not understand Jesus's teachings[138][139] and that it is really only Mary who truly understands. [142][145][144][146] Epiphanius claims that the Greater Questions of Mary contained an episode in which, during a post-resurrection appearance, Jesus took Mary to the top of a mountain, where he pulled a woman out of his side and engaged in sexual intercourse with her. Records Categories. Giada Maddalena in 1 country. Jane Schaberg adds Geoffrey of Vendôme (c. Following this, Jesus continues his explanation with a parable about the owner of a house and a thief, ending with the common rhetoric, "Whoever has ears to hear let him hear". Johnston, Barbara, "Sacred Kingship and Royal Patronage in the La Vie de la Magdalene: Pilgrimage, Politics, Passion Plays, and the Life of Louise of Savoy" (Florida State), R. Neuman, Dissertation. [246], The early notion of Mary Magdalene as a sinner and adulteress was reflected in Western medieval Christian art, where she was the most commonly depicted female figure after the Virgin Mary. Pistis Sophia: A Coptic Text of Gnosis with Commentary. Maddalena Tessieri (or Tesieri, Teseire or Testeiré), an Italian mezzo-soprano/contralto of the 18th century. Larry Hurtado, Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity. The company started trading on the Italian market since 1996-02-19. Traduzioni nel dizionario italiano - ebraico. Built by the hand of Giacomo della Porta, Carlo Maderno and Francesco Paparelli, in 1668-1685. [155], Mary Magdalene has the reputation in Western Christianity as being a repentant prostitute or loose woman; however, these claims are not supported by the canonical gospels, which at no point imply that she had ever been a prostitute or in any way notable for a sinful way of life. The information given on this map is extracted from the Geneanet database. Chiesa di Santa Maria Maddalena … [72], According to Matthew 28:1–10, Mary Magdalene and "the other Mary" went to the tomb. Edit your search or learn more. In all four canonical gospels, Mary Magdalene is a witness to the crucifixion of Jesus and, in the Synoptic Gospels, she is also present at his burial. [178], In an eastern tradition supported by the western bishop and historian Gregory of Tours (c. 538 – 594), Mary Magdalene is said to have retired to Ephesus in Asia Minor with the virgin Mary, where they both lived out the rests of their lives. 8 ottobre 2019. At one point, Jesus says, "Mary, thou blessed one, whom I will perfect in all mysteries of those of the height, discourse in openness, thou, whose heart is raised to the kingdom of heaven more than all thy brethren". His sister,[119] his mother and his companion were each a Mary.[116]. She is best remembered for her numerous collaborations with composer Antonio Vivaldi who wrote operatic roles for her. [9] The main surviving text comes from a Coptic translation preserved in a fifth-century manuscript (Berolinensis Gnosticus 8052,1) discovered in Cairo in 1896. [242] Lady Gaga's song "Judas" (2011) is sung from Mary's perspective, portraying her as a prostitute who is "beyond repentance". Company registration number is AR83904. [256] As Gothic painted crucifixions became crowded compositions, the Magdalene became a prominent figure, with a halo and identifiable by her long unbound blonde hair, and usually a bright red dress. MARIA MADDALENA CALVI, Cantante della provincia di Bergamo, è entrata nel Villaggio Musicale. Record information. [275] The Mass and Liturgy of the Hours (Divine Office) remained the same as they were, except that a specific preface was added to the Mass to refer to her explicitly as the "Apostle to the Apostles". [185][186] This portrayal became so popular that it quickly spread to Germany and England. The identification of Mary Magdalene with Mary of Bethany and the unnamed "sinful woman" was a major controversy in the years leading up to the Reformation and some Protestant leaders rejected it. Rather, let us praise his greatness, for he has prepared us and made us truly human. nella festa di Maria Maddalena a partire dal vangelo della messa, innesto nel contesto più ampio del vangelo di Giovanni, quindi con la … [112] Some scholars believe that at least a few of these sayings may authentically be traced back to the historical Jesus. [233] According to historian Michael Haag, these changes were a quiet admission from the Vatican that the Church's previous teaching of Mary Magdalene as a repentant whore had been wrong. [101] In these apocryphal texts, Mary Magdalene is portrayed as a visionary and leader of the early movement whom Jesus loved more than he loved the other disciples. [52] Mark 15:47 lists Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses as witnesses to the burial of Jesus. BabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. In the Gnostic texts, or Gnostic gospels, Mary Magdalene's closeness to Jesus results in tension with another disciple, Peter, due to her sex and Peter's jealousy of special teachings given to her; some also believe her to be the wife of Jesus. London: Continuum, 2006 (2005). [222] A massive number of Baroque paintings and sculptures depict the penitent Magdalene,[222][225] often showing her naked or partially naked, with a strong emphasis on her erotic beauty. web: www.tuttocina.it indice tutto cina>il tuo nome in cinese>lettera m: il tuo nome in cinese a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h-i-j-k-l-m-n-o-p-q-r-s-t-u-v-w-x-y-z web: www.tuttocina.it indice tutto cina>il tuo nome in cinese>lettera m: il tuo nome in cinese a-b-c-d-e-f-g-h-i-j-k-l-m-n-o-p-q-r-s-t-u-v-w-x-y-z *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. [194] The wife dies in childbirth and the governor leaves her on an island with the still-living infant at her breast. Other languages Prénom Maddalena Maria Nome Maddalena Maria. [Mt 28:1–10] [Lk 24:–11] The Gospel of John (cf. They (will) undress in their presence in order to let them have back their field and to give it back to them". RIS; EndNote; BibTeX; RefWorks; Excel; Risultati 1 - 20 di 157 (tempo di esecuzione: 0.001 secondi). Presentazione del libro presso la libreria Feltrinelli di Genova. It is uncertain who designed the curved main facade, which was finished circa 1735 and is See all my photos. [70] Sanders affirms Jesus's burial by Joseph of Arimathea in the presence of Mary Magdalene and the other female followers as completely historical. "[121][116], For early Christians, kissing did not have a romantic connotation and it was common for Christians to kiss their fellow believers as a way of greeting. [15][37] The places where she and the other women are mentioned throughout the gospels strongly indicate that they were vital to Jesus's ministry[38][39][40][41] and the fact that Mary Magdalene always appears first, whenever she is listed in the Synoptic Gospels as a member of a group of women, indicates that she was seen as the most important out of all of them. Discover the origin and the geographical distribution of hundreds of thousands last names worldwide! Colora con ARTing l'affresco di Santa Maria Maddalena del battistero di Concordia Sagittaria (Venezia). [10][11] The earliest and most reliable sources about her life are the three Synoptic Gospels of Mark, Matthew, and Luke, which were all written during the first century AD. He has risen, as he said. Enable JavaScript in your browser to view Geneanet pages. [52], Virtually all reputable historians agree that Jesus was crucified by the Romans under the orders of Pontius Pilate. Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Protestant churches generally do not view these writings as part of the Bible. [44] The fact that women played such an active and important role in Jesus's ministry was not entirely radical or even unique;[39][41] inscriptions from a synagogue in Aphrodisias in Asia Minor from around the same time period reveal that many of the major donors to the synagogue were women. 260. If the savior made her worthy, who are you to reject her? [222][223][224] Her medieval role as a patron and advocate became minimized[222] and her penitence became regarded as her most important aspect, especially in France and in the Catholic portions of southern Germany. This confusing reference is already in the original manuscript. Of Purgatory", "Selected Topics of Comparison in Christianity and the Baháʼí Faith", The Incorrupt Left Hand of St. Mary Magdalene, "Mary Magdalene: Author of the Fourth Gospel? [194][195] Miraculously, however, the boat washes ashore at Marseille in southern France. Warwickshire, England, Church of England Burials, 1813-1910. [130][131] In addition to this Coptic translation, two brief third-century fragments of the gospel in the original Greek (P. Rylands 463 and P. Oxyrhynchus 3525) have also been discovered, which were published in 1938 and 1983 respectively. [174] This composite depiction of Mary Magdalene was carried into the Mass texts for her feast day: in the Tridentine Mass, the collect explicitly identifies her as Mary of Bethany by describing Lazarus as her brother, and the Gospel is the story of the penitent woman anointing Jesus' feet. [177][217] In 1521, the theology faculty of the Sorbonne formally condemned the idea that the three women were separate people as heretical,[177][217] and debate died down, overtaken by the larger issues raised by Martin Luther. [15][20][21] Mary was, by far, the most common Jewish given name for females during the first century,[15][c] so it was necessary for the authors of the gospels to call her Magdalene in order to distinguish her from the other women named Mary who followed Jesus. [226] Estates of nobles and royalty in southern Germany were equipped with so-called "Magdalene cells", small, modest hermitages that functioned as both chapels and dwellings, where the nobility could retreat to find religious solace. In particular, Mary is often shown naked in the legendary scene of her "Elevation", where she is sustained in the desert by angels who raise her up and feed her heavenly manna, as recounted in the Golden Legend. [318] None of the canonical gospels imply such a thing[319] and, even in the late Gnostic gospels, where Mary is shown as Jesus's closest disciple,[319] the love between them is not sexual.