Image of violent, scale, species - 26304275 10–13 small scales border the eye, and two rows separate the eye from the supralabials. Rozšíření: Balkánský poloostrov až Rakousko a Maďarsko,j.Rusko,Turecko až Kavkaz. 2004.. VIP; viral antigens Part I: The thromboserpentin (thrombin-like) enzyme in the venoms. ; Burton, J.A. Action of, Plettenberg Laing, A. Wikipedia article "Vipera_ammodytes_montandoni". [8][13], This species was originally described by Carl Linnaeus in Systema Naturae in 1758. [4], This species has no particular preference for its daily activity period. [4] It grows to a length of about 5 mm (0.20 in) and is actually soft and flexible. Giklaseklase sa IUCN ang kaliwatan sa kinaminosang kalabotan. Ground color is variable and tends more towards browns and bronzes, such as grayish brown, reddish brown, copper, "dirty cream", or brick red. Vipera ammodytes at the New Reptile Database . Bites promote symptoms typical of viperid envenomation, such as pain, swelling and discoloration, all of which may be immediate. Lizards are less affected, while amphibians may even survive a bite. [4], Horned viper, long-nosed viper, nose-horned viper, sand viper,[3] sand adder, common sand adder, common sand viper,[8] sand natter.[9]. Accessed on 22 Jule 2009. A row of indistinct, dark (occasionally yellowish) spots runs along each side, sometimes joined in a wavy band. The scales bordering the ventrals are smooth or weakly keeled. Druh Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) Vipera ammodytes montandoni Autor: Petr Balej • 21.12.2003 • Kategorie: zmijovití • Taxonomie: Vipera ammodytes [1] Vipera ammodytes montandoni : Geographic Information Geographic Division: Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China) Jurisdiction/Origin: Comments Comment: Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Melanism does occur, but is rare. European snakes, such as Coronella and Natrix, are possibly immune. Aleksandar Simović has uploaded 735 photos to Flickr. It consists of 9–17 scales arranged in 2 (rarely 2 or 4) transverse rows. The tongue is usually black, and the iris has a golden or coppery color. For close examinations, it is therefore advisable to use a clear plastic restraining tube instead.[7]. [15] Novak et al. Maximum length also depends on race, with northern forms distinctly larger than southern ones.According to Strugariu (2006), the average length is 50-70 cm with reports of specimens over 1 m in length. [13] However, as far as handling is concerned, despite its relatively placid reputation, pinning and necking this snake can be risky, as they are relatively strong and can unexpectedly jerk free from a keeper's grasp. The chin is lighter in color than the belly. Vipera species Vipera ammodytes Name Synonyms Coluber ammodytes Linnaeus, 1758 Vipera ammodytes Venchi & Sindaco, 2006 Vipera aspis balcanica Buresch & Zonkov, 1934 Homonyms Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) Vipera ammodytes Venchi & Sindaco, 2006 The belly color varies and can be grayish, yellowish brown, or pinkish, "heavily clouded" with dark spots. The dorsal zigzag is dark gray or black, the edge of which is sometimes darker. φωτογραφία σχετικά με Ammodytes Vipera montandoni, ενήλικο θηλυκό. At lower altitudes, it may be found at any time of the day, becoming increasingly nocturnal as daytime temperatures rise. [4] The average total length is 50–70 cm (19.5–27.5 in) with reports of specimens over 1 m (39 in) in total length. A thick, black stripe runs from behind the eye to behind the angle of the jaw. [4] There are also reports of cannibalism. 1. Ginklasipika han IUCN an species komo diri gud kababarak-an. Crude venoms were extracted, using a paraffin-covered laboratory beaker without exerting pressure on the venom glands, pooled for each subspecies and lyophilized. B. See ammodytoxins.. Not usually associated with woodlands, but if so it will be found there around the edges and in clearings. Southern Austria, north-eastern Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Greece (including Cyclades), Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia and Syria. [4], Vipera ammodytes hibernates in the winter for a period of 2 to 6 months depending on environmental conditions.[7]. Vipera ammodytes montandoni (BOULENGER 1904) Vipera ammodytes ruffoi BRUNO 1968 Někteří herpetologové synonymizují poddruh V.a.gregorwallneri s nominotypickým poddruhem V.a.ammodytes. Explore Aleksandar Simović's photos on Flickr. [2], This species is listed as strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention. This pattern is often fragmented. An Vipera ammodytes in nahilalakip ha genus nga Vipera, ngan familia nga Viperidae. Hibernation and breeding of. [5] [6] A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie cu risc scăzut. [7], The head is covered in small, irregular scales that are either smooth or only weakly keeled, except for a pair of large supraocular scales that extend beyond the posterior margin of the eye. Your browser does not support JavaScript. 2020. Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) – Taxon details on Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). In males, the head has irregular dark brown, dark gray, or black markings. Vipera aspis balcanica - Buresch & Zonkov, 1934 Vipera ( Rhinaspis ) ammodytes montandoni - 1983 Vipera ammodytes montandoni - Weinsten, Minton & Wilde, 1985 [1] Larger prey are struck, released, tracked, and swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom apparatus. [10], The common name sand viper is misleading, as this species does not occur in mostly sandy areas. Vipera ammodytes montandoni is a venomous viper subspecies found in Bulgaria and southern Romania. Photo about Detail of an female of Mediteranean horned viper. Feeding behavior changes and is influenced heavily by prey size. At higher altitudes, it is more active during the day. Vipera ammodytes (other common names include horned viper, long-nosed viper, nose-horned viper, sand viper)[3] is a viper species found in southern Europe, mainly the Balkans, and parts of the Middle East. This is likely the most dangerous snake to be found in Europe. Occasionally, other snakes are eaten. Sometimes found in areas of human habitation, such as railway embankments, farmland, and especially vineyards if rubble piles and stone walls are present. Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. Males have 133–161 ventral scales and 27–46 paired subcaudals. Vipera ammodytes este o specie de șerpi din genul Vipera, familia Viperidae, descrisă de Linnaeus 1758. Observations on the diet of the nose-horned viper (, This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 15:38. Juvenile color patterns are about the same as the adults. 1991. It is reputed to be the most dangerous of the European vipers due to its large size, long fangs (up to 13 mm) and high venom toxicity. [4], Vipera ammodytes venom is used in the production of antivenin for the bite of other European vipers and the snake is farmed for this purpose. Vipera ammodytes montandoni is a venomous viper subspecies[3] found in Bulgaria and southern Romania. Minton (1974) states 6.6 mg/kg SC. Five 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009.RLTS.T62255A12584303.en, Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix II, "Observations on the diet of the nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) in Greece", Amphibians & Reptiles in Bulgaria and Balkan Peninsula, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vipera_ammodytes&oldid=992683596, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2014, Articles needing more detailed references, Articles with dead external links from May 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Copley, A.; Banerjee, S.; Devi, A. The nasal scale is large, single (rarely divided), and separated from the rostral by a single nasorostral scale. Studies of snake venom on blood coagulation. An Vipera ammodytes in uska species han Viperidae nga ginhulagway ni Linnaeus hadton 1758. 1988. Vipera ammodytes montandoni Boulenger, 1904 Taxonomic Serial No. To use all the functions on Chemie.DE please activate JavaScript. [4], Despite its reputation, this species is generally lethargic, not at all aggressive, and tends not to bite without considerable provocation. Terminal (leaf) node. Kaliwatan sa bitin ang Vipera ammodytes.Una ning gihulagway ni Linnaeus ni adtong 1758. However, many consider both V. a. ruffoi and V. a. gregorwalineri to be synonymous with V. a. ammodytes,[7] and consider V. a. transcaucasiana to be a separate species.[4][7]. Hays, W.S.T. [4], Both sexes have a zigzag dorsal stripe set against a lighter background. [7] Arthropods such as large insects and centipedes have regularly been found in the stomach contents of vipers, albeit more frequently in juveniles that eat centipedes like Mediterranean banded centipede[12]. © 1997-2021 LUMITOS AG, All rights reserved, https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/Vipera_ammodytes_montandoni.html, Your browser is not current. The Nose-horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes) is one of the most widespread and venomous snakes in Europe, which causes high frequent snakebite accidents.The first comprehensive venom characterization of the regional endemic Transcaucasian Nose-horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana) and the Transdanubian Sand Viper (Vipera ammodytes montandoni) is reported employing a … [5] Five subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here. Ang Vipera ammodytes sakop sa kahenera nga Vipera, ug kabanay nga Viperidae. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. [13], This species has often been kept in captivity and bred successfully. Lower surface of end of tail yellow."[5]. Format. The Transdanubian Sand Viper (Vipera ammodytes montandoni (Vam)) is spread from Turkish Thrace, Pentru informaţii detaliate despre celelalte programe cofinanţate de Uniunea Europeană, vă invităm să vizitaţi www.fonduri-ue.ro Conţinutul acestui material nu reprezintă în mod obligatoriu poziţia oficială a Uniunii Europene sau a Guvernului României www.fonduri-ue.ro Conţinutul acestui material nu reprezintă în mod obligatoriu Vipera ammodytes montandoni venom samples were collected from one individual in the Tekirdağ province and one in the Kırklareli province (Turkish Thrace) in April 2016. Vipera ammodytes montadoni este catalogata drept „adevarata vipera cu corn” si totodata cel mai periculos reprezentant al genului de pe teritoriul tarii noastre deoarece are un timp de reactie mult mai scurt si o agresivitate mai mare in comparatie cu celelalte tipuri. 1978. The head is covered in small, irregular scales that are either smooth o… [7] This species is ovoviviparous. Image of snake, aggressive, camouflage - 25823130 At birth, juveniles are 14–24 cm (5.5–9.4 in) in total length. [4] It tolerates captivity much better than other European vipers, thriving in most surroundings and usually taking food easily from the start. 272 pp. With an accout for my.bionity.com you can always see everything at a glance – and you can configure your own website and individual newsletter. Mnemonic i-Taxon identifier i: 235554: Scientific name i: Vipera ammodytes montandoni: Taxonomy navigation › Vipera ammodytes. Obraz złożonej z ammodytes, vipera - 130532093 A Worldwide Review of Effects of the Small Indian Mongoose, Herpestes javanicus (Carnivora: Herpestidae). Maximum length also depends on locality,[vague] with northern forms distinctly larger than southern ones. Grows to a maximum length of 95 cm, although individuals usually measure less than 85 cm. [4] Mating takes place in the spring (April–May), and one to twenty live young are born in late summer or fall (August–October). They usually lack the dark blotch or V marking on the back of the head that the males have. Females are somewhat smaller than males. The Transcaucasian Nose-horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana (Vat)) shows a distribution in the Northeast of Turkey and sections of Georgia along the Black Sea coast and some inland provinces in Turkey (see Figure1, red) [37,40]. [4], Humans respond rapidly to this venom, as do mice and birds. Some remain motionless and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, while still others will attempt to bite immediately. [7] Females are usually[vague] larger and more heavily[specify] built, although the largest specimens on record are males. Find out more about the company LUMITOS and our team. [4] One additional subspecies that may be encountered in literature is V. a. ruffoi (Bruno, 1968),[4] found in the Alpine region of Italy. A more or less distinct blotch on the lower lip, involving five to seven labial shields without complete interruption. Arnold, E.N. Adults generally feed on small mammals and birds, whilst juveniles predominantly eat lizards. Gulden, J. Pobierz zdjęcie stockowe Zbliżenie z nosa rogata żmija w środowisku naturalnym (Vipera ammodytes montandoni ) royalty-free 228276272 z kolekcji Depositphotos – zdjęcia stockowe premium w wysokiej rozdzielczości, obrazy wektorowe i ilustracje. Sometimes the ventral color is black or bluish gray with white flecks and inclusions edged in white. Meier, J.; Stocker, K.F. Vipera ammodytes montandoni Boulenger, 1904 Animalia Chordata Reptilia Lepidosauromorpha Squamata Serpentes Colubroidea Viperidae Vipera ammodytes montandoni Identified by Catalog The ground color for males varies and includes many different shades of gray, sometimes yellowish or pinkish gray, or yellowish brown. ''Vipera ammodytes'' is a venomous viper species found in southern Europe through to the Balkans and parts of the Middle East. [6], V. ammodytes grows to a maximum total length (body + tail) of 95 cm (37.5 in), although individuals usually measure less than 85 cm (33.5 in). Dorsal scales in twenty-one rows. 1973. Petkovic, D.; Javanovic, T.; Micevic, D.; Unkovic-Cvetkovic, N.; Cvetkovic, M. 1979. Before mating, the males of this species will engage in a combat dance, similar to adders. Vipera ammodytes (other common names include horned viper, long-nosed viper, nose-horned viper, sand viper) is a viper species found in southern Europe, mainly the Balkans, and parts of the Middle East. Males have a characteristic dark blotch or V marking on the back of the head that often connects to the dorsal zigzag pattern. Read what you need to know about our industry portal bionity.com. Photo about A wild, female of Vipera ammodytes montandoni found in it s terra typica. [14] In some areas it is at least a significant medical risk. "Snake venom protein C activators". There are also reports of dizziness and tingling. 2007. The type locality is listed as "Oriente". ; Conant, Sheila. Taxonomy - Vipera ammodytes montandoni (SUBSPECIES) ))) Map to UniProtKB (15) Unreviewed (15) TrEMBL. ), Nazwa niemiecka:Europäische Hornotter, Europäische Sandotter (niem.) The dorsal zigzag is a shade of brown. Vipera ammodytes montandoni - Buy this stock photo and explore similar images at Adobe Stock May be found above 2000 m at lower latitudes. Vipera aspis balcanica - Buresch & Zonkov, 1934 Vipera ( Rhinaspis ) ammodytes montandoni - 1983 Vipera ammodytes montandoni - Weinsten, Minton & Wilde, 1985 [1] London: Collins. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Britain and Europe. If surprised, wild specimens may react in a number of different ways. Other properties include anticoagulant effects, hemoconcentration and hemorrhage. Females have 135–164 and 24–38 respectively. [11] V. ammodytes primarily inhabits dry, rocky hillsides with sparse vegetation. The specific name, ammodytes, is derived from the Greek words ammos, meaning "sand", and dutes, meaning "burrower" or "diver", despite its preference for rocky habitats. Females are usually larger and more heavily built, although the largest specimens on record are males. Dictionary of molecular biology. The morphological characteristics and distribution of Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana, which is a member of the Vipera kaznakovi group, were studied. [4] The specific name, ammodytes, is derived from the Greek words ammos, meaning "sand", and dutes, meaning "burrower" or "diver", despite its preference for rocky habitats. The anal scale is single. [3], The body is covered with strongly keeled dorsal scales in 21 or 23 rows (rarely 25) at mid-body. Vipera ammodytes montandoni Boulenger, 1904 Animalia Chordata Reptilia Lepidosauromorpha Squamata Serpentes Colubroidea Viperidae Vipera ammodytes montandoni Identified by Catalog εικόνα από vipera, ammodytes, montandoni - 26304274 Żmija nosoroga (Vipera ammodytes) – gatunek jadowitego węża z rodziny żmijowatych. (1973) give ranges of 0.44–0.82 mg/kg and IV and 0.19–0.64 mg/kg IP. The venom can be quite toxic [based on tests conducted solely on mice], but varies over time and among different populations. The rostral scale is wider than it is long. It is reputed to be the most dangerous of the European vipers due to its large size, long fangs and high venom toxicity. Find out how LUMITOS supports you with online marketing. Subsequently, George Albert Boulenger described a number of subspecies in the early 20th century that are still mostly recognized today. [4], Females have a similar color pattern, except that it is less distinct and contrasting. Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data. [4], The color pattern is different for males and females. [4], The most distinctive characteristic is a single "horn" on the snout, just above the rostral scale. Western sand viper. In: Tu, A., editor. [4] Brown (1973) gives an LD50 for mice of 1.2 mg/kg IV, 1.5 mg/kg IP and 2.0 mg/kg SC. Ventral shields 149 to 158; subcaudals 30 to 38. However, there are many alternative taxonomies. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 does not support some functions on Chemie.DE. A male Vipera ammodytes montandoni, from the south-western Thracian plain. Description. Schwarz (1936) proposed that the type locality be restricted to "Zara" (Zadar, Croatia). To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser. Nazwa łacińska: Vipera ammodytes Nazwa polska: Żmija nosoroga Nazwa angielska: Long-nosed viper,nose-horned viper (ang. Jej rozmieszczenie obejmuje cieplejsze rejony Europy (południowa Austria , północne Włochy , Półwysep Bałkański , Cyklady , Azja Mniejsza do Kaukazu Północnego ). [4], The venom has both proteolytic and neurotoxic components and contains hemotoxins with blood coagulant properties, similar to and as powerful as in crotaline venom. [4], According to Boulenger (1913): "Naso-rostral shield never reaching the canthus rostralis nor the summit of the rostral shield, which is deeper than broad (once and one seventh to once and a half); rostral appendage clad with ten to fourteen scales, in three (rarely two or four) transverse series between the rostral shield and the apex. A female Vipera ammodytes montandoni, from a karst region in central-north Bulgaria. It is reputed to be the most dangerous of the European vipers due to its large size, long fangs (up to 13 mm) and high venom toxicity. In southern subspecies, the horn sits vertically upright, while in V. a. Ammodytes it points diagonally forward. Zdjęcie o W górę żmii Vipera żeńskich uzbrajać w rogi ammodytes. Underneath, the tip of the tail may be yellow, orange, orange-red, red, or green.